Medical Terminology: Bones, Joints, Muscles, and Conditions

Medical Terminology Chapter 6 The myeloid tissue in cancellous bone is semi-liquid and produces most RBCs,WBCs, and Platelets is usually referred to as: bone marrow or red marrow The upper jawbone is called the: maxilla The first seven bones of the vertebral column (forming the neck) are the: cervical The third set of 5 large vertebrae, which form the inward curve of the lower spine andare the spinal column's major weight bearers, are called: lumbar vertebrae The wrist bones composed of 8 small bones in two rows are called the: carpus or carpals The ankle bones are called the ________ bones: tarsal "flat surface" The combining forms or terms that literally mean "rib" are: cost/o and pleuro- The combining word form that refers to the "spine, vertebral column, and/or vertebra"is: "rachi/o- "spondyl/o-" The term that means cartilage swelling or cartilage tumor is: chondroma The diagnostic term that literally means inflamed joint is: arthr/itis The diagnostic term that literally means inflamed joint is: arthr/itis The term Ankylosis literally means: "crooked, stiff, bent/condition; bones pathologically fused together The combining form of a term that means "hump or hunchback" is ________, andthe medical condition of __________ is the backward bending of the thoracic (chestvertebrae) spine. kypho- - kyph/o/sis

The diagnostic term Genu Varum (knees are in the varus position) means: knees are bent outward (bow-legged) The combining form __________ means bone marrow or spinal cord. myelo- "osteomyelitis or myelogram" The combining forms that mean "movement or motion" are: kinesio- and -praxia The combining forms that mean "stone" are: petro- and litho- The combining form scolio- means: crooked and curved - lateral or side curve (to bend) of vertebrae, along withrotation An ankle sprain is often characterized by ________: hematoma formation, with ligaments that are stretched, or partially or fully torn The diagnostic term Ankylos/ing Spondyl/itis refers to the auto-immune condition ofRheumatoid Arthritis and actually means: the abnormal condition of stiffness and fusion of vertebrae The diagnostic terms My/asthenia and Neur/asthenia mean: muscle weakness and nerve weakness The diagnostic term that means pain in the tendon is: tenalgia or tenodynia The diagnostic term that means abnormal build up of calcium on the kneecap(patella) surface is: calcin/osis The diagnostic term Avulsion means: tearing lose of a body part like a bone chip or ligament The diagnostic term for a disease that causes excessive amounts of uric acidcrystals in the blood to be deposited in a joint (elbow or toe) is: gout The diagnostic term Herniated Disc means: ruptured or protruding inter/vertebral disk cartilage

The diagnostic term that means abnormal loss of bone density or increased boneporos/ity is: osteo/por/o/sis The surgical terms Lamin/ectomy and Rachi/o/tomy actually mean: excision of posterior vertebral arch and cutting the vertebral column The surgical term Arthr/o/desis means: surgical fixation or binding of a joint An instrument used to cut bone is called a(n): osteo/tom/e The surgical term for the repair of cartilage is called: chondr/o/plasty The term Chiro/pract/or literally means: one who practices by hand The surgical term that means fusing together of the spine (vertebrae) is: spondyl/o/syn/desis The surgical term Phalang/ectomy means: excision of a finger or toe bone - digit The surgical term that means "incision into the skull to drain fluid" is: cranio/centesis The surgical term that actually means "surgically breaking joint apart" is: arthroclasia CTS and TTS are abbreviations for ___________ Syn/drome (sign and symptomcomplex). Carpal or Tarsal Tunnel The term Dys/chrondro/plas/ia literally refers to: faulty cartilage formation The term for X-ray film (recording) of a joint is: arthro/gram The procedural term that means visual examination inside a joint is: arthroscop/y The medical term "Gangli/ec/tom/y" means:

procedure of cutting out a knot A physician who uses techniques and treatments common to Medical Doctors andChiropractic Physicians is a(n): Oste/o/path The modern medical term for a specialist who treats and diagnoses foot diseasesand disorders such as corns, bunions, claw foot, ingrown toenails, and par/onych/itiswould be: Pod/iatr/ist The healing specialty that emphasizes a system of therapy based on themanipulation of the vertebral column and other bones of the body by hand is: Chiropractic The medical term that means an artificial substitute or addition replacing a missingbody part (teeth, feet, hearing aid, eye lens) is: prosth/esis The diagnostic term Spondylo/listh/esis literally and actually means: vertebrae/slippage/condition The diagnostic term Ankylosing Spondylitis means: fusing/process vertebrae/inflamed The diagnostic term Rheumat/oid Arthr/itis means: auto-immune disease often with cartilaginous hyper/troph/y The diagnostic term Osteoarthritis means: inflammation of a bone joint causing bone hypertrophy The diagnostic term Bunion (turnip sac) actually means: inflamed bursa of the big toe's metatarsophalangeal joint The diagnostic term Rotator Cuff Avulsion actually means: tearing of shoulder joint's soft tissues, ligaments, and deep tendons (rotatorcuff muscles) Pre/patellar burs/itis means: inflamed bursa below the knee The diagnostic term Osteosarcoma means: bone tumors that causes hard tissue to become soft and fleshy The diagnostic term Hip Disarticulation (HD) also means:

A surgical amputation through the joint capsule of the hip joint The diagnostic term Sub/luxation actually means: partial joint dislocation - less than complete dislocation An Osteopathic Physician is represented by the Medical Abbreviation ____ and aChiropractic Physician is represented by the Medical Abbreviation _______. DO and DC The diagnostic term Hammer Toe means: the toe or toes of the foot are bent over or down - like a hammer The term Examination means: the process or procedure of inspection A Optometric Physician uses the Medical Abbreviation: OD The term Anthropo/metr/ic means: refers to the measurement of humans A bone process or eye membrane disease term that means resembling a wing is________: pteryg/oid Muscle terms for belly or abdomen are: abdominus or laparal A muscle directional term for middle or toward the middle is: medi- or meso- "medium, medial, mesomorph" A procedure of making a record of muscle activity is called: electro/myo/graph/y The condition resulting in spasms of the nerves and muscles due to an abnormallylow concentration of calcium in the blood is: tetany The diagnostic term Anterior Polio/myel/itis means an: inflammation of the front gray horn of the spinal cord The diagnostic term My/asthenia Gravis actually means: heavy because of muscle weakness The diagnostic term Syn/dactylia means:

fingers connected together The diagnostic term Muscular Dys/trophy means: muscles that have faulty development; and wasting away of the muscles thatdid develop properly The muscle or body term trauma means: wound The muscle term ad/duct/or literally means: one who/draws/toward "medially" The diagnostic term Pes Planus means: flat foot The muscle term supinator means: turns upward - one who The muscle term sphincter means: that which bind together The machine that records muscle activity is called the: electromyo/graph The literal meaning of the diagnostic term Cardio/myo/path/y is: heart/muscle/disease/condition