IB Chemistry: Dynamic Equilibrium

IB Chemistry: Dynamic Equilibrium Dynamic Equilibrium Outline the characteristics of chemical and physical systems in astate of equilibrium. Chemical equilibrium: The dynamic state where there is no change in concentration of either the reactants and products of a given reaction. ● Dynamic Equilibrium is the state where the forward and reverse action still continues to occur, but the rate of forward reaction =rate of reverse reaction. ● A state of dynamic equilibrium can only exist in a container that doesn’t allow the exchange of materials in and out the container.Additionally, no heat escape or entrance is allowed, as this wouldviolate the principle of equilibrium. We call this a closed system. The reaction from A + B –> C + D is the forward reaction, whilst thereaction C+D –> A + B is the reverse reaction. ● Most reactions do not go through completion.● At first, A and B are consumed, but as time passes, the rate at which A and B are consumed decreases. ● We cannot go to the reverse reaction until some of C and D have been formed. Concentration of [A] increases (product), concentration of [B] (reactants),decreases, until a state of equilibrium is reached, which is when bothlines plateau. This can be shown by the graph below: