Vascular Events of Inflammation

Vascular Events of Inflammation Inflammation: Response of vascularized tissue to infections and damage tissues that brings host defence cells from circulation to sites where they are required so that offending agents can be removed. Tissue : Macrophages, Dendritic cells, Mast cell Blood vessels Monocytes, Basophils can move to any area site of destroy Damaged tissues. Infection TYPES OF INFLAMMATION 04:25 ACUTE CHRONIC onset within mins to hrs Days to weeks Mediator Neutropkil Macrophages, Lymphocytes, Plasma cells. outcome Self limiting often severe, damage tissue + fibrosis.

ACUTE CHRONIC Exception Acute Typhoid fever Chronic pseudomonas shows shows Lymphocytes Neutrophilia. Cardinal Signs of Inflammation. 4 signs given by Celcus (in Acute inflammation) i) Rubor Redness ii) Calor Temperature iii) Dolor Pain (v) Tumor Swelling. v) Functio lucea loss of function given by Rudolph Virchow. CAUSES OF INFLAMMATION 10:13 1. Infections : Bacteria, Viral, Fungal, Parasitic 2. Tissue necrosis 3. Foreign Body 4. Immune Reactions

Acute Inflammation : 3 components i) Dilation of vessels : Blood flow A ii) vascular permeability : Plasma and cells leaks out iii) Emigration of WBC'S from circulation to remove offending agent: B Events of Inflammation A vascular events B Cellular events VASCULAR EVENTS 15:09 1. vasodilation : 1st involves arterioles capillaries Mediator : Histamine Result : Redness, Temperature, Stasis 2. Increased Vascular Permeability vascular leakage G S vasodilation and Plasma: fluid comes out. viscosity of vessel Stasis Neutrophils accumulate along vascular endothelium

Mechanism of Increased Vascular Permeability MECHANISM MEDIATOR TIME RESPONSE 1. Endothelium MC contraction Histamine immediate - Transient 2. Mild Endothelial Burns, Irradiation Delayed Prolonged. Injury uv Rays late appearing Sunburn Bacterial toxins 3. Direct Endothelial severe Burns, Immediate - Sustained Injury (severe) Microbial toxins Others: 4. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Increased Transcytosis ( transport of vessels and proteins via vessel wall) 5. Neoangiogenesis : New vessels leaky by nature.