Free Radical

Free radical FREE RADICALS 00:10 Elements with free electrons in outermost orbit. Eg : O2 derived free radicle - Superoxide O2 - Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 - Hydroxyl OH- - Peroxinitrite ONOO - Hypochloride OCI FORMATION OF FREE RADICLES 01:45 i. During inflammation ii. UV Rays, X-Rays iii. Heber weis reaction H2O O O H2O2 +O2 iv. Fenton Reaction Fe2t + H2O2 Fe3++ OH (Ferrous) REMOVAL OF FREE RADICLE 04:00 i. Antioxidants Eg : Vit A, Vit C, Vit E (Most potent) ji. Iron Binding Protein : Eg: Transferrin, Ferritin, Ceruloplasmin

iii) Superoxide dismutase (SOD) Cofactor Mitochondrial Mn. O2-SOD SOD H2O2 Cytoplasmic Cu iv) Catalase H2O2 H2O+O2 v) Glutathione Peroxidase H2O2 H2O+ O2 QSH GSSG (Reduced) (Oxidised) Glutathione Reduct. NADPH NADP EFFECT OF FREE RANCLES 09:00 i. Damage DNA DNA Mutation ii. Protein misfoldings iii. Phospholipid damage Plasma membrane damage iv. Lipid Peroxidation causes pigment production (LIPOFUSCHIN) Free radicle leads to Cellular Ageing