Logical Reasoning Recognizing Conclusions without Indicators

You will encounter arguments that do not contain conclusion indicators. • Example : The best way of eliminating traffic congestion will not be easily found. There are so many competing possibilities that it will take millions of dollars to study every option, and implementation of most options carriers an exorbitant price tag. The example above has no indicator words present • There is a fairly easy trick that you can use to handle this situation and any situation where you are uncertain of the conclusions • Conclusion Identification Method Take the statements under consideration for the conclusion and mentally place them in an arrangement that forces one to be the conclusion and the other to be the premise Use premise and conclusion indicators to achieve this end ○ • Once the pieces are arranged determine if the arrangement makes logical sense If so you made the correct identification ○ If not reverse the arrangement and examine the relationship again ○ • Example : Because there are so many competing possibilities that it will take millions of dollars to study every option, and implementation of most options carries an exorbitant price tag, we can conclude that the best way of eliminating traffic congestion will not be easily found. Recognizing Conclusions without Indicators:

You will encounter arguments that do not contain conclusion indicators. • Example : The best way of eliminating traffic congestion will not be easily found. There are so many competing possibilities that it will take millions of dollars to study every option, and implementation of most options carriers an exorbitant price tag. The example above has no indicator words present • There is a fairly easy trick that you can use to handle this situation and any situation where you are uncertain of the conclusions • Conclusion Identification Method Take the statements under consideration for the conclusion and mentally place them in an arrangement that forces one to be the conclusion and the other to be the premise Use premise and conclusion indicators to achieve this end ○ • Once the pieces are arranged determine if the arrangement makes logical sense If so you made the correct identification ○ If not reverse the arrangement and examine the relationship again ○ • Example : Because there are so many competing possibilities that it will take millions of dollars to study every option, and implementation of most options carries an exorbitant price tag, we can conclude that the best way of eliminating traffic congestion will not be easily found. Recognizing Conclusions without Indicators: