Kinetic Catalysis

Kineties Catalyin Substance that changes spectof chem. rxn without undergoing permanent chem. change itself Most rxns in body, atmos, oceans occur with itshelp Phenomenon of alteration of rate of rxn by catalyst is catalysis A major sectors of would economy involving catalylic props : a. Petroleum Cy Energy pood C. Food Industry up d. P Pollution Control. b. Chemicals by Polymer Prod. Catalyats work by providing alternate mechanisms involving a different tr ausition state of Cower energy. A citration energy of catalytic rxn is Cowered compared to emeatalyzed nm. Eneogy Reactant Homogeneous Product If catalypt present in same phase Progress of rxn as reactants, homo catalystcy phenomenon is homo catalyiis. Such takes place in gaseous rxn or rxms in solution.

These chems help in attaining eq . more quickly by increasing rates of both forward Cy reverse nons to an extent egs in gasous 1. Oxid n of SO2 by O2 to SO3 in presence of Nitric oxide NO , in Chamber Process for 122004 manufacture. 02(97 280/91 2. Foll xn in gas phase is catalyzed by traces of U2 gas particularly in presence of light, 2N20197 2N2 (g) + O2(g) In of light Ch forms Ch radicals which presence react with N2O forming intermediate radical ao Proposed step 1: N2O (g/t Cl * (g) N2 (g) + ceo'(g) mechanism Step 2: 2000 191 Chight O2 (g) 3. Hydrolysis of ester in presence of acid COOH Cy (aq) alkali +(2 th eg in ooln OH Ctb COOG H3 (l)+ H2O (I) - Ct3 (aq)

4. Hydrolyies of sucrose came sugar) into glucosecy fructose in presence of mineral acids acting as catalysts G2 H22 11 (aq/ + H2O (l) 6th 10/aq/+ (glucos) fructor Cane sugar) C6H2O6 Decomposition of aquetus H2O2 (aq) into water Cy oxygen: 210,(ag) H2O U + 03(9) T In presence of catalyst; 2Br (aq) + H2O2 (aq) + 2Ht(aq) Br,(aq)t 2120(1) Br2(qq) + (1202(a) 2Br(aq) + 2Ht(aq) + 0(g) Heterogenerus Unitately Catalya presenting different 21/202 phase than reactants: 21202+ Catalozed 2140402 2Br+2H In hetero catalysis, rxn 240th+ takes place at interface of two Rxn progress 211+123 phases. Catalyst is oftena solid cy adsorbs liquid and or a gas. Great importance.