Enzyme Catalysis

egg 1. Manu of NH3 by Haber. Fe catalyst N2(9)+3112(9) 2NH 1g) 2. H2504 manu. by Contact process Vanadium for Pentoxide V2O5 or Pt are catalysts prod. of 503(9) from 502(g) Cy O2 (g) in 2802 (g) + O2 (g) 2SO3 (g) 3. Catalysts used in rxns in petroleum by polymer industries, Ran in liquid phase by cat instit- eg. Decomp of H2O2 (aq) by MnO2(s) 2th O2 g(aq) 21H2O (l) + O2 (g) 4. Both realtant Cy cat insolid phase Decomp of KCOO by solid MnO2 G Honogn eous 2KCl03 (S) 2KCC(s) + 302(9) Enzyme catalysis necessary for many of chem rxns occuring in Biological catalysts known as enzymes extremely complex system of human that body. can Enz. are protein -based molecules process These occur at a localized site, normal called active certain chemical rxns. site at nons the rate much faster-Unan a channinal reaction.

Substrate is the molecule that fits into the active site of enzyme cy undergoes transformation to a product eg Catalase in beef Over rapidly converts H2O, to water as O2 It's an important enz. protecting the all from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (Ros). Rxn cataloged by enz., catabase H2O2 Hot ! O2 Mechanism of enz- catalysed DMS works in lock cy key tashion Substrate uniquely fits like a hey into active site of enz., forming a lock-key complex Substrate is convented into product by enz. at the active site: Product then released from active site Enz. affect on activation energy Lowers AE for nxns. Lower the AE, faster rate of eg. Enz. catalase / red. AE of above in to 8KJ/mol, corresponding to acceleration of rxn by a factor of 10'5 at 298K. A generic Rqn. for Complex formation is as follows E+ S ES P+E