Functions of Nutrition and Cellular Structure

Nutrition notes Functions of Nutrition The main function of nutrition is to support life by allowing people to grow and keep healthy. The reasons for the use of nutrition in nursing are as follows: 1. To recognize the role of nutrition in the prevention of diseases; 2. Focused on adapting individual food models to the cultural, economic and psychological needs of people, and shape their food needs. 3. Recognizing the need to modify diet for therapeutic purposes in specific diseases. Chemicals in food. They play different roles in body, such as providing heat and energy, building and repairing body tissues, and regulating body processes. Nutrients are classified according to FF: 1. Function - Nutrients obtained from body tissues are body nutrients, while nutrients that provide calories and energy are fats, carbohydrates and proteins. 2. Chemical nature - Food is organic or inorganic. 3. Importance - Nutrients are classified according to their importance in contributing to the normal functioning of the body. Cell Structure Cells are composed of molecules containing water, inorganic ions, and carbon. Water is the The most abundant molecule in cells and makes up 70% or more of the total cell mass. Therefore, the interactions between water and other cellular substances are important in biochemistry. The notable feature of water is that it is a polar molecule with hydrogen atoms slightly positively charged and oxygen slightly negatively charged. Due to its polar structure, water molecules can form hydrogen bonds with each other or interact with other polar molecules, including positive or negative ions. Ionic and polar molecules are readily soluble in water (hydrophilic), while non-polar molecules cannot interact with water and is sparingly soluble in an aqueous medium (hydrophobic). Therefore, non-polar molecules tend to bind tightly with to reduce the amount of water. The human brain has many similarities: cell membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, and nucleus. Mature erythrocytes (erythrocytes) are the exception without a nucleus. 1. The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is selectively permeable and contains phospholipids, cholesterol, and protein. Proteins in cell membranes create pores or openings for drugs to enter: • Act as enzymes that help drugs enter the brain. • Acts as an antigenic marker that identifies cells as "self".

• Acts as a receptor site for hormones. 2. The cytoplasm is an aqueous solution of minerals, gases and organic molecules located between the cell membrane and the nucleus and is the site of chemical reactions. 3. Organelles are intracellular structures connected by their own membranes and each has a specific function.