Human Homeostasis Gizmo Answer Key

Name: Jimmy Gillespie Date: 09-01-2022 Student Exploration: Human Homeostasis Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions andprompts in the orange boxes. Vocabulary: dehydration, heat stroke, homeostasis, hypothermia, involuntary, thermoregulation, voluntary Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) A thermostat is a device that regulates the temperature inside a building.1. What does a thermostat do if it gets too cool? turns on the heater 2. What does a thermostat do if it gets too hot? the air conditioning system is turned on 3. How do our bodies sometimes act like a thermostat? our body modifies to control the temperature inside us like a thermostat Gizmo Warm-up To survive, an organism must be able to maintain stable internalconditions in a changing environment. This process is called homeostasis . The Human Homeostasis Gizmo allows you to explore how the human body stays at a nearly constant temperature indifferent conditions. Notice the Air temp. and Body temp. thermometers representing the air temperature and body temperature. What is the initial air temperature? zero degrees celsius 1. What is the initial body temperature? thirty seven degrees celsius 2. Next to each factor listed below, write “increase,” “decrease,” or “same” based on how you expect that factor to affect body temperature. Raising air temperature: increase Sweating: decrease Lowering air temperature: decrease Shivering: increase Adding clothing: increase Exercising: increase Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved

Activity A: Body temperature Get the Gizmo ready: ● If necessary, click Reset ( ). Question: What factors increase or decrease body temperature? 1. Observe: With the Air temp. at 0 °C (32 °F) and Body temp. at 37 °C (99 °F), click Play ( ). After one simulated hour (does not have to be exact), click Pause ( ). What is the body temperature after one hour? thirty seven degrees celsius 2. Gather data: Fill in the first line of the data table below. Then, use the same procedure to test the effect of each of the following factors. Click Reset between each trial. Record the initial and final body temperatures in the table below. (Leave the last column blank.) ● Set the Exercise level to 70%. (All other settings in default position.) ● Click Reset . Set the Sweat level to 70%. (All other settings in default position.) ● Click Reset . Below Body position , click Shivering . (Other settings in default mode.) ● Click Reset . Next to Clothing , click Add four times to add a sweatshirt, hat, pants, and parka. (Other settings in default mode.) Factor Initial body temp. Body temp. after one hour Effect of factor on body temperature Standing still 37 36 decrease Exercising 37 39 increase Sweating 37 35 decrease Shivering 37 37 stayed the same Adding clothing 37 36 decrease 3. Analyze: To determine the effect of a factor on body temperature, compare the final body temperature with that factor to the final body temperature while standing still. Based on this comparison, fill in the last columnof the data table. A. Which factor raised body temperature the most? Exercising B. Why do you think this process raises body temperature? Using more energy moreheat is produced, raisingbody temperature C. Which factor lowered body temperature the most? Sweating Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved

D. Why do you think this process lowers body temperature? Sweat fluid cools the body,lowering body temperature. Activity B: Thermoregulation Get the Gizmo ready: ● Click Reset . Introduction: Thermoregulation is the process in which a steady temperature is maintained inside the body. Some responses to temperature changes, such as sweating and shivering, are involuntary —they occur automatically. Other actions, such as exercising or putting on clothes, are called voluntary responses because they are things we have to think about doing. Question: In the Human Homeostasis Gizmo, you can control both involuntary and voluntary responses to temperature changes. How good are you at thermoregulation? 1. Play the Gizmo: Click Play . After one hour, the air temperature will start to fluctuate. Using what you have learned, try to maintain a steady body temperature by manipulating the Exercise level , Sweat level , Body position , and Clothing . (You may wish to click Pause occasionally to give yourself time to think.) Click Pause after at least 10 hours have passed, if you can survive that long! Select the GRAPH tab. ✏ Sketch the resulting graph into the space at right. Click the image to select EDIT to use the drawing tool. What does this graph show? Remained unchanged 2. Investigate: Click Reset . Click Play , and deliberately create a situation in which the body temperature gets so low that the simulation stops. A. How did you do this? Removed all clothing and turned sweating allthe way up. B. What is the name for this condition? Hypothermia C. At what body temperature is immediate medical treatment required? thirty degrees C 3. Investigate: Click Reset . Click Play , and create a situation in which the body temperature gets so high that the simulation stops. A. How did you do this? Put all the clothing on and exercise all the wayup B. What is the name for this condition? Heat stroke Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved

C. At what body temperature is immediate medical treatment required? Forty one degrees C 4. Challenge yourself: Click Reset . Click Play , and see if you can maintain a constant body temperature of 37 °C (99 °F) for 24 simulated hours or more. You will have to click Drink water or Eat food to avoid dehydration (lack of water) and low blood sugar. If the Fatigue level gets too high, you will have to rest. If you succeed, click Pause . Select the GRAPH tab and click the camera ( ) icon to take a snapshot of the graph. Right-click the image, and click Copy Image. Paste the snapshot into the box below. 5. Analyze: Select the TABLE tab. The air temperature and body temperature are recorded every hour. Scroll through the table to find the highest and lowest air temperatures. A. What was the highest air temperature you had to deal with? Zero degrees C B. How did you respond to this temperature? Removed or added garments, worked out, andsweated C. What was the lowest air temperature in the simulation? Zero degrees C D. How did you maintain a constant body temperature at this time? I removed and added clothing as well as exercisedand sweat 6. Think and discuss: Other than the options available in the Human Homeostasis Gizmo, what other methods are used to maintain body temperature? Try to think of both voluntary and involuntary responses. Going inside, blankets, turning on a fan 7. Critique: On this page, describe the advantages and disadvantages of the model of human homeostasis used in the Gizmo. In what ways is the model realistic? What factors are not included in the model? The ability to experiment with various variables and discover how they affect a person'sbody temperature is an advantage of this gadget. The model has the drawback of lacking asleep factor. The model is less realistic as a result of this element. Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved