Lecture Note
University
University of California San DiegoCourse
CSE 100/101 | Data Structures and AlgorithmsPages
2
Academic year
2023
anon
Views
18
Overview of Syntax Trees, Hierarchy Trees, and Binary SearchTrees for Understanding Trees A key data structure in both computer science and linguistics is the tree. Whether it be the structure of a sentence, the hierarchy ofgeography, or the structure of computer code, they are employed toreflect the hierarchical structure of data. The various forms of treesutilized in these domains, such as syntax trees, hierarchy trees, andbinary search trees, will be discussed in this article. Grammar Trees To represent the structure of a sentence, syntax trees are utilized. They resemble the sentence diagrams you may have created inelementary school, but they are more thorough and indicate thesentence's structure in terms of its individual parts, such as noun andverb phrase combinations. Take the phrase "I ate the cake" as anexample to show what I mean. A syntax tree for this sentence wouldreveal the following sentence structure: The letter S is located at the summit of the tree. A noun phrase and a verb phrase are the S node's children. The word "I" from the sentence is a noun phrase's offspring.A verb and noun phrase is the offspring of a verb phrase, with the verbbeing "ate" and the noun phrase being "the" and "cake."Syntax trees are used for both expressions and sentences. Take theexpression "2sin(3z-7)" as an example. This expression's syntax treewould be broken down into its constituent parts, displaying theexpression's structure and the potential evaluation orders. Thecalculation would go as follows, working its way up the tree: ● Do z first three times.● then take 7 away from that.● Put the sine on that outcome.● and double that by 2 to finish. Tree hierarchies Trees can also represent a hierarchy, such as the order of the animal kingdom or the topography. Think about the hierarchy of
geography, for instance. For this, a hierarchy tree might resemble thefollowing: ● The world, at the top of the hierarchy, is located on the left side of the tree. ● Below that, numerous subcomponents of geography, such as states in the case of the United States and cities therein. ● Below that, entities in the world, such as the United States, United Kingdom, and so forth. The animal kingdom might be represented by a similar hierarchy tree,with creatures at the top, followed by numerous animal species, such asinvertebrates, reptiles, mammals, and so on, and then distinctsubcategories within each of these. Trees of Binary Search In computer science, code is represented by trees. For instance, an abstract syntax tree can be used to describe code. The binary searchtree is a popular tree type in computer science. Each node in a binarysearch tree has a value, and all the nodes in the left subtree of a nodehave values that are less than the node's value, while all the nodes inthe right subtree of a node have values that are more than the node'svalue. This structure is frequently used in computer algorithms becauseit makes search, insert, and delete operations efficient. Conclusion In computer science and linguistics, trees are a powerful data structure with a wide range of applications. Trees have establishedthemselves as a crucial tool in a variety of fields, from reflecting thestructure of phrases and expressions with syntax trees to reflectinghierarchy with hierarchy trees to allowing effective data operations withbinary search trees.
Exploring Grammar and Syntax Trees, Hierarchy Trees, and Binary Search Trees
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