The Flow of Carbon and Energy in an Ecosystem

THE Flow OF CARBON AND ENERGY IN AN ECOSYSTEM. ultmatesorie of most biological Light energy energy is sunight chemical energy photolithwauctotrophe chamolithoautotrophe and Organic designation compounds CO2 Heterotophe & Energy - Capacity todowak/ Autotrophe Cause particular change Living cells carry out 3 major types of works and all BED are essential to life processes. and without - sllops Chemical work -H involves the synthesis Lab of complex biomolecules required by cells from much simple precursors, energy is needed to the molecular complexity of a cell courage Molecular of one of ten must be transported across cell membrane against an electro chemical gradient For eg. A molecule sometime moves in to the cell even though its wn is higher inside the cell. Synthess of all macromolecular - biological molecule - Purine pyrimidine Transport Work energy input is needed because molecules pephdoglycon and ions often med be transported across an electro cell membrane chemical gradient. or A Solute may be expelled from the against cell against a conc gradent H requires energy Input In order to take up the nutrients. eliminate waste.

To maintain lon balance / / Internally nutrients H will transfer against the wns of solute outside the cell Molecule Mechanical Work Energy required to change the physical location of organisms, cells and S fructures within the cell. Eg Flagella - Counter clockwire - Run clock wise - Tumble Non flagelllate - gliding movement -Pseudopodia organism ultimate Source of energy Sunlight Inorganic compound. Trapped by phototrophe 1 Devy Oxidice. dan photy Chemical energy energy Absurbed by Chlorophyll and other utilized by pigment photolithautotrophu and CO2 biomolecule such as glucose

part Cells must efficiently transfer energy from their energy generating happing apparatus to the System actually carrying out work ie, cells must have a practical form of energy currency. In living organisms the Major currency is ATP. Aewbic respiration ADP + Pi Anacrobic Chemical work. relpian Fermentaction. ATP transport work. Photosynthesis Mechanical work. when ATPboke energytomatos all ATP doon to APOT ADP+ Pi - 0-phosphate used to ATP - energy. every Adenosine diphosphate work) 0 11 o NH 2 P- N O- CH2 N - O N 0 80 . o- . Adenosine OH OH