Lecture Note
University
Stanford UniversityCourse
MED 101 | Human AnatomyPages
1
Academic year
2023
larbi43100
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p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft00{font-size:19px;font-family:Arial;color:#ff0000;} .ft01{font-size:16px;font-family:ArialMT;color:#000000;} .ft02{font-size:16px;font-family:MS-PGothic;color:#37751c;} .ft03{font-size:16px;font-family:Arial;color:#37751c;} .ft04{font-size:16px;font-family:MS-PGothic;color:#000000;} .ft05{font-size:16px;line-height:21px;font-family:ArialMT;color:#000000;} MUSCULO-TENDINOUS PATHOLOGY Musculo-tendinous injuries are particularly common when playing handball.Musculo-tendinous pathology of the shoulder girdle concerns all of the muscles working onhis mobility. However, the frequency of injured muscles and the location of their lesiondepends greatly on the sport practiced and their function. Thus, if the rhomboids, thecoracobrachialis, the pectoralis major, the angular of the scapula are only exceptionallyaffected, the biceps, the supraspinatus, the deltoid, the teres minor are quite frequentlyinjured. The most delicate tendons to treat are those passing through a gutter due to areasof friction (long biceps, supraspinatus). We encounter these pathologies during very violentshots, or countered gestures. The diagnosis of these lesions is primarily clinical. The pain is localized next to the injured tendon, it increases during the opposite movement (palm test for the long biceps, opposedrotations for the supraspinatus, etc.). Often less violent when "hot", it increases in intensity when "cold" and at night. Untreated,tendonitis can cause tendon rupture or degenerate into tendinosis. Depending on thelocation, the imaging techniques used will be different: . Ultrasound for sufficiently largemuscle and tendon injuries. . MRI for tendons sliding in a sheath (long biceps,supraspinatus) or damage to the muscular bodies. ➢ Supraspinatus tendonitis ❉ Etiology Supraspinatus tendonitis is a particularly common pathology when playing handball (repetition of passes, use of the medicine ball, off-axis shots, etc.); ❉ Diagnosis . Physical examination Supraspinatus tendinitis manifests itself as pain on the shoulder cuff when the arm is abducted. On palpation, the external part of the supraspinatusfossa and the end of the tendon can be examined under the deltoid if the patient's arm isplaced in internal rotation and retropulsion (hand placed on the spine). Abduction of the armis painful, mainly during the first degrees of abduction and when passing under theacromion-coracoid procession (from 0° of abduction). This pain is potentiated by thethwarted abduction of the arm. . Radiological examination The frontal and rotational x-rayexamination (external and internal) can show an ascension of the humeral head, a sign of aprocess of self-protection of the painful area. Ultrasound is of little interest, however MRIshows very well the inflammatory nature of the tendon end of the supraspinatus. ❉ Treatment Treatment of the supraspinatus is both local (ultrasound, cryotherapy) and general (NSAIDs). The very particular physiology of this muscle (fixation of the shoulderduring abduction very often requires immobilization during the first phase of treatment (it ispractically impossible not to involuntarily contract this muscle during arm movements). Therehabilitation phase will include a significant part of shoulder decoaptation work.
MUSCULO-TENDINOUS PATHOLOGY
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