Lecture Note
University
Stanford UniversityCourse
CS229 | Machine LearningPages
2
Academic year
2023
anon
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14
Understanding Machine LearningClassification Algorithms Machine learning uses classification algorithms, a subset ofsupervised learning algorithms, to predict categories based on inputvalues. Classification algorithms forecast a limited number ofpotential output categories as opposed to regression algorithms,which forecast a continuous value. We will examine classification algorithms in more detail in thispost, along with how they differ from regression techniques. Abreast cancer detection scenario will also be used to demonstratehow a classification algorithm functions. Classification algorithms: what are they? On the basis of input data, classification algorithms are used toforecast categories. A classification challenge involves mapping theinput data to a limited number of output categories. Based on theinput data, the classification algorithm's objective is to identifythe most likely output category. For instance, the input data for the breast cancer detection examplecomprises patient medical records containing tumors. Theclassification algorithm's job is to detect whether a tumor ismalignant (indicated by a 1) or benign (marked with a 0).(designated with a 1). How are classification and regression algorithmsdifferent from one another? On the other hand, regression algorithms make predictions about acontinuous value based on input information. Instead of predicting aspecific category of values, they do so for a range of values. Theinput data is mapped to an infinite range of output values in aregression issue.
While regression algorithms forecast an infinite variety of possibleoutput values, classification algorithms predict a finite set ofpossible output categories. This is the primary distinction betweenthe two types of algorithms. A classification algorithm example Let's use the detection of breast cancer as an example to show how aclassification algorithm functions. The size of the tumor serves asthe example's input data, and the classification algorithm's job isto determine whether the tumor is benign or malignant. The data set is presented on a graph with the tumor size as thehorizontal axis and only two possible values for the vertical axis:0 for benign and 1 for malignant. The data set can also be shown asa line, with circles (O) denoting examples that are benign andcrosses denoting examples that are malignant. The classification algorithm will determine whether a lump of acertain size on a new patient who is in for a diagnosis is benign ormalignant based on the input data. It's crucial to remember that there may be more than two possibleoutput categories in categorization issues. For instance, theclassification system could produce several different cancerdiagnoses in the case of a malignant tumor (type 1 and type 2).
Machine Learning: Classification Algorithms
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