Chapter 5: Physiology

Chapter 5. - Physiology 3different types of transport Simple diffusion facilitated diffusion active transport ECF 2/3 of water - intracellular interstitual 1/3 - extracellular fluid fluid plasma reins -fwidaround artenes the cells capillanes negative environment mostly inside the cell There is different amount of ions in tackdifferent environments SMOSTS vs to high movement of water dry components in cell (10ns) - components togo in/out Thalarent easily able down concentration more solids outside rather than inside-hypertonic gradient less solids varid outside rather than inside -hypotonic. (looking outside solution) + areasf concentration to concendration tonicity changes throughout life -span age/sex play a r le in total water body content *special form of diffusion of water ONLY for water esmotic pressure: T concentration of water measuring (osmolarity) concentrations of water* (or solutions m rates) molarity measured in moles/L osmolarity -measuring# of particles that are in a system osmolarity amaning osmolality Liters are affected moles/L mea suring per kg. moke/kg by temperature *

OSM=asmolanty Gated in penetrating vs nonrentrating solutes particles that can particles that can & Unips enter the cal enter the cell cotro hypertonic solution will ALWAYS be hyperosmotic active Transport requires energy going 99 allist concentration oradlest. passiretransport - & ATPneeded (simple diffusion) Passive diffusion concentration concentration Surface area of cell membrane & size of Particle-determine speed of diffusion * Directlyrelated to temperalure temperature molecules more faster bl curs because you have kinetic energy between molecules ( facilitated ar active transport If your going against concentration gradient small molecules that are nonpolarcan usually more in/out freely of the cell. (Stends, cholesterol) ficks law of diffusion takes into acct permeability and molecule size Facilitated Diffusion can use ATP but most of the time will not. Channel proteins membrane proteins Voltage gated Channel S - open T change in charge structure function >pot2sslum-leaky channels

Gated chamels usuall 1 depend on somecondition. in response to signal Un (port transport (samers)-10n/chemical monog in 7 direction cotransporters symport-210ns moving in same direction to and come in antiport - 210ns TV to come e'in (requires ATP)