Chapter 9: Principles of Infections Disease

Micromoloany 6 H:9 Pnnapks of Infectious Disease emerging disease came out of nowhere and the cases are on the nso reemerging disease & fully extinct there IS another outbreak later on OPPORTUMISTIC vs the pathogens Sporadic endemic a - more serious than sporadio b/o it means you can get It specific porulation year round or specific region (valley ferei) 3 epidemic blurred widespread discase you have 9 in incidence of disease Ih a short period of time. lines between stillconfined to particular region of the world the 4 2 pandemic widespread disease in numerous countries all over the world commensal - -commensation all of our normal fiora IS considered commensal (b/c they dont harm us) but these tup and cause desease zornotic diseases disease that can be spread from animals Dhumans these diseases are usually suf-limiting but sometimes they can become very serious - vinises aequive genetic changes that allow them to infect humans noncommunicable disease US communicable disease (AKA self-limiting) do spread from human to spread from human to human human signs symptoms things can be both -Kach's postulates do work for every organism b/c some diseases do do well outside ot a host dont glow well immedia subtion youhave obligate intracellular microbes ex: (chlamydia) Rickettsia) -resemria IS a microbes home (can be animate or manimate) lex anthax soil) - -source: where new infectionsrate coming fm.

#knondefinitions of the powerpoint source can be endogenous or exogenous inside external source Copportunistic patnogens) Direct contact transm 188201 indirect contact trasmission person P person airbome vehicle -anyinanimate animal (biological) ticks /mosarutoes) environment vector its like in them from nom baby vector (mechameal)- Flies, todents, its 0 in the Ay; it was just PI cked and cook roaches (pregnancy -ufero) up (delivery . transcerncal) (Breastfeed 11g -postpartum) T oxanasma gond; THER AGENTS (SYPHILIS) R UBELLA CYTOMEGALY VIRUS(Herres VWIS 5) H eres rirus (2) - propet/airbome broplets are bloger thanairborne Garticles) infectivity how good an infections agent IS at establishing an infection - - pathogenicity general ability of an infections agent to cause disease - virulence desirbes seventy of d 11sease (ferers, how sick? ,In bed allday?) incubation period prodromal phase malause (start to experience SIS) feellike somethingls mong acute phase - present t severe s/s Penod of decline Starting to kill of most of membes convalescent thase git nd of most minoras, getting rid of a few left 1 I Afection microbe IS in you disease: you are being affected by the microbe

Incubation periods differ from microbe mlcrobe Supering 312 stall could be hrs years no MONTH - asymytomatic case =Subclinical case OSIS MA 201 targeted age for mono is 18-25 rl - Chronic camlets an be asymptomate camels if infection was never fully cleared 2 general goals of eridemiology to know what's joingo and how to prevent The epidemio lorcal trangle all3 factors are just as IM portant. - many pathogens have a nanow tropism. but it can change over time (dlt mutations that a How them to jump species and cause diserve) -Quarantine is onlya short -jerm Strateou that we can use -tate har many infections occur in a per of time how many new cases? HOW many PPI are du ing? "HOW many" - ration proportion out of everyone. population defined group of linked people everyone in conva, in Inland empire morbidity - How many are sick? Prevalance - overall proportion la A population out of everyon e in the populationwill end 4Y I this disease A prevelance doesn't Stay the same b/c some people die /some get better incidence measured over a pel-of time (usually a yea Pout can be more) How many new casesfor 2023) # of new casesk buration Howlong does the infection last? know definition of ratioi incidence rate vs. Prevelance rate measures of association same age range, same occupation etc? alert population so they can avoid certain risk factors - Descriptive studies -usually what we start T when we have a disease thats brand correlation does 0 equal causation. new . (want to know general features of thed Isaano S/S before we know areat Patnophysiology K - analytical express ex idemeo logs : study details of the de sease Who where when test hypothesis loun experiments

most HAIS are ESKAPE pathogens alot of the resemoirs are bats only small pox has been able to be eradloented weare close to eradiante gunea wom 5 o C 10 5 9 o 5 5 5 5 5 5 )