Lecture Note
University
Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCourse
Multivariable CalculusPages
1
Academic year
2023
Sporkz
Views
20
p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft00{font-size:20px;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;} .ft01{font-size:18px;font-family:ArialMT;color:#000000;} .ft02{font-size:18px;line-height:23px;font-family:ArialMT;color:#000000;} Least squares introduction This is a common application of min-max problems that most people don't thinkabout as such. The reason you don't think about it this way is because yourcalculator or computer can do the work for you, but it is based on the theory ofminimizing two variables. In experimental sciences, you must often perform leastsquares interpolation. The idea is that you perform an experiment and record some data. For example, inmeasuring frogs, you might look at the size of a frog's leg compared to the frog'seyes, or at how much of one reactant you used compared to how much of a productyou generated by synthesizing it. To a mathematician, the two functions areunrelated, but to an experimental scientist, this linear relationship indicates a causalconnection between them. The scientist will therefore plot the results on a graph andclaim that the two variables are related.Given experimental data (xi, yi), the line that best fits the data is the one thatminimizes the distance between each data point and its corresponding point on theline. The question would be to find a line that fits well with the given data, so that you canpredict future sales. For example, if you look at your new homework problems, thefirst problem asks you to predict how many iPods will be on this planet in 10 yearsbased on past sales and how they behave. One thing before you lose all your moneythough: You cannot use this technique to predict the stock market because it doesn'twork.
Least Squares Introduction
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