Answer Key
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CFA InstituteCourse
CFA Program Level 2 | Financial Reporting and AnalysisPages
26
Academic year
2023
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CFA Level 1 - Financial Reporting and Analysis Session 9 - Reading 31 (Notes, Practice Questions, Sample Questions) 1. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? Income tax expense: A)is the amount of taxes due to the government.B)is the reported net of deferred tax assets and liabilities. C)includes taxes payable and deferred income tax expense Explanation — C: Income tax expense is defined as expenseresulting from current period pretax income. It includes taxespayable and deferred income tax expense. Taxes payable are theamount of taxes due the government 2. Which of the following statements about tax deferrals is NOT correct? A)A deferred tax liability is expected to result in future cashoutflow.B)Income tax paid can include payments or refunds for otheryears. C)Taxes payable are determined by pretax income and the taxrate. Explanation — C: Taxes payable are the taxes due to thegovernment and are determined by taxable income and the tax
rate. Note that pretax income is income before tax expense andis used for financial reporting. Taxable income is the incomebased upon IRS rules that determines taxes due and is used fortax reporting 3. The di erence between income tax expense and taxes payable is a: A)deferred income tax expense . B)deferred tax liability.C)timing di erence. Explanation — A: Taxes payable is defined as the taxes due tothe government as determined by taxable income and the taxrate, while income tax expense is the amount actuallyrecognized on the income statement. Deferred income taxexpense is defined as the di erence in income tax expense andtaxes payable. Each individual deferred item is expected to bepaid (or recovered) in future years 4. A tax loss carryforward is best described as the: A)net taxable loss that can be used to reduce taxable income inthe future. B)net taxable loss that can be used to refund paid taxes from theprevious year.C)di erence of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets. Explanation — A: A tax loss carryforward is the net taxable lossthat can be used to reduce taxable income in the future
5. If a firm uses accelerated depreciation for tax purposes and straight-line depreciation for financial reporting, which of thefollowing results is least likely? A)Income tax expense will be greater than taxes payable. B)A permanent di erence will result between tax and financialreporting. C)A temporary di erence will result between tax and financialreporting. Explanation — B: A permanent di erence between tax andfinancial reporting is a di erence that is expected to not reverseitself. Under normal circumstances, the e ects of the di erentdepreciation methods will reverse 6. Which of the following best describes valuation allowance? Valuation allowance is a reserve: \ A)created when deferred tax assets are greater than deferred taxliabilities. B)against deferred tax assets based on the likelihood that thoseassets will not be realized. C)against deferred tax liabilities based on the likelihood thatthose liabilities will be paid Explanation — B: Valuation allowance is a reserve againstdeferred tax assets based on the likelihood that those assets willnot be realized. Deferred tax assets reflect the di erence in taxexpense and taxes payable that are expected to be recoveredfrom future operations
7. If timing di erences that give rise to a deferred tax liability are not expected to reverse then the deferred tax: A)should be considered an increase in equity. B)must be reduced by a valuation allowance.C)should be considered an asset or liability. Explanation — A: If deferred tax liabilities are expected toreverse in the future, then they should be classified as liabilities.If, however, they are not expected to reverse in the future, thenthey should be classified as equity 8. Which of the following statements regarding deferred taxes is NOT correct? A)If deferred tax liabilities are not included in equity,debt-to-equity ratio will be reduced. B)Only those components of deferred tax liabilities that are likelyto reverse should be considered a liability.C)If deferred taxes are not expected to reverse in the future thenthey should be classified as equity Explanation — A: When deferred tax liabilities are included inequity, it will reduce the debt-to-equity ratio (by increasing thedenominator), in some cases considerably 9. When analyzing a company's financial leverage, deferred tax liabilities are best classified as: A)a liability.B)neither as a liability, nor as equity.
C)a liability or equity, depending on the company's particularsituation. Explanation — C: Depends on the "performance" of the timingdi erence 10. For analytical purposes, if a deferred tax liability is expected to not be reversed, it should be treated as a(n): A)immaterial amount and ignored.B)liability. C)an addition to equity Explanation — C: If deferred tax liabilities are expected to neverreverse, they should be treated as equity for analytical purposes.This situation usually arises because of growth in capitalexpenditures 11. Which of the following financial ratios is least likely to be a ected by classification of deferred taxes as a liability or equity? A)Return on assets (ROA). B)Return on equity (ROE).C)Debt-to-total assets Explanation — A: The ROA will not be a ected by theclassification of the deferred taxes. The total assets will remainthe same regardless of whether the deferred taxes are classifiedas a liability or equity
12. Which of the following factors will NOT impact the classification of deferred tax liabilities? A)Present value of the future payments. B)Growth of the firm.C)Changes in firm operations Explanation — A: The present value of the future payments willnot impact the classification of deferred tax liabilities. Growthof the firm and the firm’s operations can each have an impacton classification of deferred tax liabilities. These can result innon-payment of deferred taxes even if they are reversed 13. For purposes of financial analysis, an analyst should: A)determine the treatment of deferred tax liabilities on acase-by-case basis. B)always consider deferred tax liabilities as stockholder's equity.C)always consider deferred tax liabilities as a liability Explanation — A: For financial analysis, an analyst must decideon the appropriate treatment of deferred taxes on acase-by-case basis. These can be classified as liabilities orstockholder’s equity, depending on various factors. Sometimes,deferred taxes are just ignored altogether 14. At the end of 20X8, Martin Inc. estimates that $26,000 of warranty repairs will be required in the future on goods alreadysold. For tax purposes, warranty expense is not deductible untilthe work is actually performed. The firm believes that thewarranty work will be required over the next two years. The taxbase of the warranty liability at the end of 20X8 is:
A)zero. B)$13,000.C)$26,000. Explanation — A: The carrying value of the warranty liability is$26,000 (the same amount is recorded as a liability on thebalance sheet and as an expense on the income statement). Thetax base is equal to the carrying value less any amountsdeductible in the future. Therefore, the tax base is $0 ($26,000 −$26,000) since the warranty expense will be deductible whenthe work is performed next year 15. In 20X8, Oliver Ltd. received $80,000 cash from a customer for goods that it could not deliver until the next year andestablished a liability for unearned revenue. Oliver reports underU.S. GAAP, faces a 40% tax rate, and is located in a taxjurisdiction where unearned revenue is taxed as received. Ontheir balance sheet for 20X8, what change in deferred tax shouldOliver record as a result of this transaction? A)A deferred tax asset of $32,000. B)A deferred tax liability of $32,000.C)There is no e ect on deferred tax items from this transaction. Explanation — A: Oliver has paid tax on the $80,000 revenue in20X8, but has not recorded the revenue on it for financialstatement purposes. This results in a temporary di erence of$32,000, which is a deferred tax asset. The tax asset will berealized when the company recognizes the revenue on itsfinancial statements in the subsequent period
16. Alter Inc. determines that it has $35,000 of accounts receivable outstanding at the end of 20X8. Based on pastexperience, it recognizes an allowance for bad debt equal to 10%of its credit sales. The tax base of Alter’s accounts receivable atthe end of 20X8 is closest to: A)$31,500.B)$3,500. C)$35,000. Explanation — C: For tax purposes, bad debt expense cannot bededucted until the receivables are deemed worthless. Therefore,the tax base is $35,000 since no bad debt expense has beendeducted on the tax return. Note that the carrying value wouldbe $31,500 since bad debt expense is reflected on the incomestatement 17. A firm buys an asset with an estimated useful life of five years for $100,000 at the beginning of the year. The firm willdepreciate the asset on a straight-line basis with no salvagevalue on its financial statements and will use double decliningbalance depreciation for tax. The tax basis for this asset at theend of the first year is closest to: A)$60,000. B)$80,000.C)$40,000. Explanation — A: For tax, the asset’s basis is reduced by theDDB depreciation (2/5 × 100,000 = 40,000) from $100,000 to$60,000
18. Nespa, Inc., has a deferred tax liability on its balance sheet in the amount of $25 million. A change in tax laws has increasedfuture tax rates for Nespa. The impact of this increase in tax ratewill be: A)a decrease in deferred tax liability and a decrease in taxexpense. B)an increase in deferred tax liability and an increase in taxexpense. C)a decrease in deferred tax liability and an increase in taxexpense Explanation — B: An increase in tax rates will increase futuredeferred tax liability, and the impact of the increase in liabilitywill be reflected in the income statement of the year in whichthe tax rate change is e ected 19. On its financial statements for the year ended December 31, Jackson, Inc. listed $2,000,000 in post retirement benefitsexpense. Jackson, Inc. contributed $200,000 of the expense to itsretirement plan during the year. Tax law recognizes cashcontributions to a pension account as tax deductible, but notexpense accruals. Jackson’s tax rate is 40%.For the year ended December 31, Jackson, Inc. should show, basedon the above, an increase in its deferred tax: A)asset account of $720,000. B)liability account of $720,000.C)liability account of $80,000. Explanation — A: Jackson’s post-retirement benefits expensewill decrease income tax expense by $2,000,000 × 0.40 =$800,000. The cash contribution will decrease income taxes
payable by $200,000 × 0.40 = $80,000. Because taxes payablewill exceed income tax expense, the di erence of $800,000 −$80,000 = $720,000 is an increase in the deferred tax assetaccount 20. Corcoran Corp acquired an asset on 1 January 2004, for $500,000. For financial reporting, Corcoran will depreciate theasset using the straight-line method over a 10-year period withno salvage value. For tax purposes the asset will be depreciatedstraight line for five years and Corcoran’s e ective tax rate is30%. Corcoran’s deferred tax liability for 2004 will: A)decrease by $50,000.B)decrease by $15,000. C)increase by $15,000 Explanation — C: Straight-line depreciation per financialreports = 500,000 / 10 = $50,000Tax depreciation = 500,000 / 5 = $100,000Temporary di erence = 100,000 − 50,000 = $50,000Deferred tax liability will increase by $50,000 × 30% = $15,000 21. A company purchased a new pizza oven directly from Italy for $12,676. It will work for 5 years and has no salvage value. The taxrate is 41%, and annual revenues are constant at $7,192. Forfinancial reporting, the straight-line depreciation method isused, but for tax purposes depreciation is accelerated to 35% inyears 1 and 2, and 30% in year 3. For purposes of this exerciseignore all expenses other than depreciation.What is the netincome and depreciation expense for year one for financialreporting purposes?
Net Income Depreciation Expense A) $2,748 $2,535 B) $2,535 $3,169 C) $4,657 $2,748 Explanation — A: Net income in year 1 for financial reportingpurposes will be $2,748 = [($7,192 − $2,535)(1 − 0.41)]The annual depreciation expense on financial statements will be$2,535 = ($12,676 / 5 years) 22. Kruger Associates uses an accrual basis for financial reporting purposes and cash basis for tax purposes. Cashcollections from customers are $476,000, and accrued revenue isonly $376,000. Assume expenses at 50% in both cases (i.e.,$238,000 on cash basis and $188,000 on accrual basis), and a taxrate of 34%. What is the deferred tax asset or liability? A deferredtax: A)asset of $48,960.B)liability of $17,000. C)asset of $17,000. Explanation — C: Since taxable income ($238,000) exceedspretax income ($188,000), Kruger will have a deferred tax assetof $17,000 [($238,000 − $188,000)(0.34)] 23. Unit Technologies uses accrual basis for financial reporting purposes and cash accounting for tax purposes. So far this year,Unit Technologies has recorded $195,000 in revenue for financial
reporting purposes, but, on a cash basis, revenue was only$131,000. Assume expenses at 50 percent in both cases (i.e., $97,500 on accrual basis and $ 65,500 on cash basis), and a taxrate of 34%. What is the deferred tax liability or asset? A deferredtax: A)liability of $16,320. B)liability of $10,880. C)asset of $10,880 Explanation — B: Since pretax income ($97,500) exceeds thetaxable income ($65,500), United Technologies will have adeferred tax liability of $10,880 = [( $97,500 − $65,500)(0.34)] 24. This year, Blue Horizon has recorded $390,000 in revenue for financial reporting purposes, but, on a cash basis, revenue wasonly $262,000. Assume expenses at 50% in both cases (i.e.,$195,000 on accrual basis and $131,000 on cash basis), and a taxrate of 34%. What is the deferred tax liability or asset? A deferredtax: A)liability of $21,760. B)liability of $16,320.C)asset of $21,760 Explanation — A: Since pretax income ($195,000) exceeds thetaxable income ($131,000), Blue Horizon will have a deferred taxliability of $21,760 [($195,000 − $131,000)(0.34)] 25. Camphor Associates uses accrual basis for financial reporting purposes and cash basis for tax purposes. Cash collections fromcustomers is $238,000, and accrued revenue is only $188,000.
Assume expenses at 50% in both cases (i.e., $119,000 on cashbasis and $94,000 on accrual basis), and a tax rate of 34%. Whatis the deferred tax asset/liability in this case? A deferred tax: A)asset of $48,960.B)liability of $8,500. C)asset of $8,500 Explanation — C: Since taxable income ($119,000) exceedspretax income ($94,000), Camphor will have a deferred taxasset of $8,500 = [($119,000 − $94,000)(0.34)] 26. A firm purchased a piece of equipment for $6,000 with the following information provided: ● Revenue will increase by $15,000 per year. ● The equipment has a 3-year life expectancy and no salvage value. ● The firm's tax rate is 30%. ● Straight-line depreciation is used for financial reporting and double declining balance is used for tax purposes. Calculate the incremental income tax expense for financialreporting for years 1 and 2. Year 1 Year 2 A) $3,300 $4,100 B) $3,900 $3,900 C) $600 -$200
Explanation — B:Using SL: Yr. 1 Yr. 2 Revenue 15,000 15,000 Dep. 2,000 2,000 Pretax income 13,000 13,000 Tax Expense 3,900 3,900 27. Laser Tech has net temporary di erences between tax and book income resulting in a deferred tax liability of $30.6 million.According to U.S. GAAP, an increase in the tax rate would havewhat impact on deferred taxes and net income, respectively: Deferred Taxes Net Income A) Increase Decrease B) Increase No e ect C) No e ect Decrease Explanation — A: If tax rates rise then deferred tax liabilitieswill also rise. The increase in deferred tax liabilities willincrease the current tax expense, and if expenses are increasingthe net income will decrease
28.1 A dance club purchased new sound equipment for $25,352. It will work for 5 years and has no salvage value. Their tax rate is41%, and their annual revenues are constant at $14,384. Forfinancial reporting, the straight-line depreciation method isused, but for tax purposes depreciation is accelerated to 35% inyears 1 and 2 and 30% in Year 3. For purposes of this exerciseignore all expenses other than depreciation.Assume that the taxrate changes for years 4 and 5 from 41% to 31%. What will be thedeferred tax liability as of the end of year three? A)$1,039.B)$2,948. C)$3,144. Explanation — C: Straight-line depreciation = $25,352 / 5 =$5,070. Income using straight-line depreciation = $14,384 −$5,070 = $9,314. Accelerated depreciation (years 1 and 2) =0.35($25,352) = $8,873. Income (years 1 and 2) = $14,384 −$8,873 = $5,511. Accelerated depreciation (year 3) = 0.3($25,352)= $7,606. Income (year 3) = $14,384 − $7,606 = $6,778.Deferred tax liability at the end of year three, after the change inthe expected tax rate, will be $3,144:DTL for year 1 = $1,178.93 = [($9,314 − $5,511)(0.31)].DTL for year 2 = $1,178.93 = [($9,314 − $5,511)(0.31)].DTL for year 3 = $786.16 = [($9,314 − $6,778)(0.31)]$1,178.93 + $1,178.93 + $786.16 = $3,144 28.2 Because the tax rate changes for years 4 and 5 from 41% to 31%, net income will have to be adjusted for financial reportingpurposes in year three. What is the amount of this adjustment? A)$1,030.B)$747.
C)$1,014. Explanation — C: The deferred tax liability will decrease by$1,014 = ($4,158 − $3,144) due to the new lower tax rate. Anadjustment of $1,014 in tax expense will result in an increase innet income by the same amount of $1,014.Deferred tax liability at the end of year 3 with tax rate of 41% =$4,158.Deferred tax liability at the end of year 3 with tax rate of 31% =$3,144 29.1 An analyst gathered the following data for Alice Company. ·Alice Company reported a pretax income of $400,000 in itsincome statement for the period ended December 31, 2002. ·Included in its pretax income are: (1) interest received ontax-free municipal bonds $50,000 and (2) rent expense of$20,000. (Only $10,000 was paid in cash for rent during 2002). ·Alice follows cash basis for tax reporting. ·Assume a tax rate of 40%. What is the income tax expense that Alice should report on itsincome statement for the year ended December 31, 2002? A)$160,000. B)$140,000. C)$132,000. Explanation — B: $400,000 – 50,000 = $350,000. $350,000 ×40% = $140,000
29.2 Based on the information provided, which of the following is most accurate with respect to deferred tax during 2002?Deferred tax: A)liability will increase by $4,000.B)will remain unchanged. C)asset will increase by $4,000. Explanation — C: Since only $10,000 of the rent expense will beallowed per tax returns, a deferred tax asset of $4,000 will result($10,000 × 40%). 29.3 All else equal, when a company issues bonds at a premium, the debt/equity ratio will show: A)an increasing trend over the life of the bond. B)a decreasing trend over the life of the bond. C)stable trend over the life of the bond. Explanation — B: Net book value of debt decreases fromamortization of the premium, while stockholders’ equityincreases (due to increasing earnings). This decreasesdebt/equity ratio over the life of the bond 30. Indata Company sold a specially manufactured item for $5,000,000 on December 31, 20X6. The item was sold on aninstallment sale basis, with $1,000,000 paid on the date of thesale and $4,000,000 to be paid in four annual installments of$1,000,000 plus interest at the market rate of 6%. Indata’s taxrate is 40% and its costs to construct the item were $2,500,000.
Indata recognizes the entire amount of the sale as income on thedate the sale is made for accounting purposes, but not until cashis received for tax purposes.On its balance sheet dated December31, 20X6, Indata will, as a result of the transaction describedabove, increase its deferred tax: A)asset by $800,000. B)liability by $800,000. C)liability by $200,000. Explanation — B: Accounting profit from the installment salewas $5,000,000 - $2,500,000 = $2,500,000. Income taxexpense is calculated based on 40% of accounting profit, so taxexpense from the transaction is $2,500,000 × 0.40 =$1,000,000. Revenue reported on the tax form is $1,000,000and the year's costs for tax purposes are $2,500,000 ×($1,000,000 / $5,000,000) = $500,000. Income taxes payable,as of December 31, 2006, were ($1,000,000 – $500,000) × 0.40= $200,000. The excess of income tax expense over incometaxes payable is a deferred tax liability of $1,000,000 -$200,000 = $800,000 31.1 A dance club purchased new sound equipment for $25,352. It will work for 5 years and has no salvage value. Their tax rate is41%, and their annual revenues are constant at $14,384. Forfinancial reporting, the straight-line depreciation method isused, but for tax purposes depreciation is accelerated to 35% inyears 1 and 2 and 30% in Year 3. For purposes of this exerciseignore all expenses other than depreciation.What is the taxpayable for year one? A)$2,259. B)$779.
C)$1,909. Explanation — A: Tax payable for year one will be $2,259 =[{$14,384 − ($25,352 × 0.35)} × 0.41]. 31.2 What is the deferred tax liability as of the end of year one? A)$1,559. B)$1,909.C)$1,129. Explanation — A: The deferred tax liability for year 1 will be$780.Pretax Income = $9,314 ( $14,384 − $5,070).Taxable Income = $5,511 ($14,384 − $8,873).Deferred Tax liability = $1,559 [($9,314 − $5,511)(0.41)]. 31.3 What is the deferred tax liability as of the end of year three? A)$780.B)$1,029. C)$4,158. Explanation — C: The deferred tax liability at the end of year 3will be $4,158 ($1,559 + $1,559 + $1,040).Pretax Income = $9,314 = ( $14,384 − $5,070).Taxable Income = $6,778 = [$14,384 − ($25,352 × 0.30)].Deferred Tax liability for year 3 = $1,040 = [($9,314 −$6,778)(0.41)].Deferred Tax liability for year 1 = $1,559 = [($9,314 −$5,511)(0.41)].
Deferred Tax liability for year 2 = $1,559 = [($9,314 −$5,511)(0.41)]. 32. Graphics, Inc. has a deferred tax asset of $4,000,000 on its books. As of December 31, it became more likely than not that$2,000,000 of the asset’s value may never be realized because ofthe uncertainty of future income. Graphics, Inc. should: A)not make any adjustments until it is certain that the taxbenefits will not be realized. B)reduce the asset by establishing a valuation allowance of$2,000,000 against the asset. C)reverse the asset account permanently by $2,000,000. Explanation — B: If it becomes more likely than not thatdeferred tax assets will not be fully realized, a valuationallowance that reduces the asset and also reduces income fromcontinuing operations should be established 33. An analyst gathered the following information about a company:·Taxable income = $100,000.·Pretax income = $120,000.·Current tax rate = 20%.·Tax rate when the reversal occurs will be 10%. What is the company's tax expense? A)$22,000. B)$24,000.C)$10,000.
Explanation — A: Deferred tax liability = (120,000 − 100,000) ×0.1 = 2,000Tax expense = current tax rate × taxable income + deferred taxliability0.2 × 100,000 + 2,000 = 22,000 34.1 A company purchased a new pizza oven directly from Italy for $12,676. It will work for 5 years and has no salvage value. Thetax rate is 41%, and annual revenues are constant at $7,192. Forfinancial reporting, the straight-line depreciation method isused, but for tax purposes depreciation is accelerated to 35% inyears 1 and 2, and 30% in year 3. For purposes of this exerciseignore all expenses other than depreciation. What is the taxpayable for year one? A)$1,909. B)$1,130. C)$779. Explanation — B: Tax payable for year 1 will be $1,130 = [{$7,192− ($12,676 × 0.35)} × 0.41] 34.2 What is the deferred tax liability as of the end of year one? A)$1,129.B)$1,909 C)$780. Explanation — C: The deferred tax liability for year 1 will be$780.Pretax Income = $4,657 = ( $7,192 − $2,535)Taxable Income = $2,755 = ($7,192 − $4,437)
Deferred Tax liability = $780 = [($4,657 − $2,755)(0.41)]Alternative solution:The di erence in depreciation at the end of year one is $12,676 ×(0.35 − 0.20) = $1901.Deferred tax liability = di erence in depreciation × tax rate =$1901 × 0.41 = $780. 34.3 What is the deferred tax liability as of the end of year three? A)$1,029. B)$2,079. C)$780. Explanation — B: The deferred tax liability at the end of year 3will be $2,079 = ($780 + $780 + $519).Pretax Income = $4,657( $7,192 − $2,535)Taxable Income = $3,389[$7,192 − ($12,676 × 0.30)]Deferred Tax liability for year 3 = $519[($4,657 − $3,389)(0.41)]Deferred Tax liability for year 1 = $780[($4,657 − $2,755)(0.41)]Deferred Tax liability for year 2 = $780[($4,657 − $2,755)(0.41)]Alternative solution:For tax purposes the machine is 100% depreciated out at the endof year three, while for GAAP it is only 60% depreciated.The di erence in depreciation is $12,676 × (1.00 − 0.60) =$5070.Deferred tax liability = di erence in depreciation × tax rate =$5070 × 0.41 = $2079 35. For the year ended 31 December 2004, Pick Co's pretax financial statement income was $400,000 and its taxable incomewas $300,000. The di erence is due to the following:Interest on tax-exempt municipal bonds $140,000
Premium expense on key person life insurance $(40,000)Total $100,000 Pick's statutory income tax rate is 30 percent. In its 2004 incomestatement, what amount should Pick report as current provisionfor tax payable? A)$102,000. B)$90,000. C)$120,000. Explanation — B: According to SFAS 109, Current provision =statutory rate × taxable income30% = Taxes Payable / $300,000= 0.30 × $300,000= $90,000 36. Selected information from Kentucky Corp.’s financial statements for the year ended December 31 was as follows (in $millions): Property, Plant & Equip. 10Deferred Tax Liability 0.6Accumulated Depreciation (4) The balances were all associated with a single asset. The assetwas permanently impaired and has a present value of future cashflows of $4 million. After Kentucky writes down the asset,Kentucky’s tax accounts will be a ected as follows (the tax rate is40%): A)taxes payable will decrease $800,000.
B)deferred tax liability will be eliminated and deferred tax assetswill increase $200,000. C)deferred tax liability will be eliminated and deferred tax assetswill increase $1.4 million. Explanation — B: A permanently impaired asset must be writtendown to the present value of its future cash flows. The asset’scarrying value of ($10 − $4 =) $6 million must be reduced by $2million to $4 million. An impaired value write-down reducesnet income for accounting purposes, but not for tax purposesuntil the asset is sold or disposed of, so taxes payable do notdecrease. At a 40% tax rate, the eventual writedown for taxpurposes of $2 million will cause $800,000 of changes indeferred tax items. The $600,000 deferred tax liabilityassociated with this asset is eliminated and a deferred tax assetof $200,000 is established 37. An analyst gathered the following information about a company:Pretax income = $10,000.Taxes payable = $2,500.Deferred taxes = $500.Tax expense = $3,000. What is the firm's reported e ective tax rate? A)25%.B)5%. C)30%. Explanation — C: Reported e ective tax rate = Income taxexpense / pretax income= $3,000 / $10,000
= 30% 38. Which of the following statements regarding the disclosure of deferred taxes in a company’s balance sheet is most accurate? A)There should be a combined disclosure of all deferred taxassets and liablities. B)Current deferred tax liability, current deferred tax asset,noncurrent deferred tax liability and noncurrent deferred taxasset are each disclosed separately. C)Current deferred tax liability and noncurrent deferred tax assetare netted, resulting in the disclosure of a net noncurrentdeferred tax liability or asset. Explanation — B: Deferred tax assets and liabilities must beseparated between current and noncurrent accounts 39. A tax rate that has been substantively enacted is used to determine the balance sheet values of deferred tax assets anddeferred tax liabilities under: A)U.S. GAAP only. B)IFRS only. C)both IFRS and U.S. GAAP. Explanation — B: Under IFRS, a tax rate that has been enactedor substantively enacted is used to measure deferred tax items.Under U.S. GAAP, only a tax rate that has actually been enactedcan be used
40. One major di erence between the presentation of deferred tax assets and liabilities under IFRS and under U.S. GAAP is that: A)all deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified asnoncurrent under IFRS. B)a valuation allowance is presented only under U.S. GAAP.C)under IFRS deferred tax assets and liabilities are not adjustedfor changes in the the firm’s actual tax rate Explanation — A: Under U.S. GAAP, deferred tax assets andliabilities are classified as current or non-current according tothe classification of the underlying asset or liability. UnderIFRS, deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are allclassified as noncurrent, with footnote disclosure about theexpected timing of reversals
CFA Level 1 - Financial Reporting and Analysis Session 9 - Reading 31
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